Disabilities is a broad phrase that encompasses impairments, activity constraints, and participation limitations. An impairment is an issue with a person’s physical function or structure; an activity limitation is a problem with a person’s ability to do a task or action; and a participation restriction is a problem with a person’s ability to participate in life events. Despite Ethiopia’s high impairment rate, little is known about it, especially in the research area. As a result, the goal of this study was to look at the prevalence of disability and the factors that contribute to it at the Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) site in northwest Ethiopia. According to the World Health Organization, over 1 billion individuals (15%) worldwide have a disability, with the majority living in resource-constrained environments. Due to the rise of an older population, advancements in medical treatment, and global population expansion, this figure is rising. However, the topic is regarded as a human right, as well as a global health issue and a development agenda. Disability is described as difficulty completing activities of daily living (ADL), and the phenomenon is depicted as an interaction between a person’s health and the environment in which he or she lives. Disability, according to the Washington group, is characterized as having at least a moderate difficulty.
