Discrimination against small persons exists, tacitly, in the size ranges of clothing, furniture, automobiles, equipment, stairs, and public facilities. Employment discrimination is overt, and statutory height limitations exist for a number of jobs, though activities for persons of smaller height could be devised in some occupations. Individual genetic anomalies can cause people to be midgets or dwarfs, or they can be considerably or relatively small (pygmies, or average east Asians amid average Scandinavians, for example), or they can be children. Dwarfism is a condition in which an organism is abnormally small, and it is most common in animals. It is commonly described as an adult height of less than 147 centimetres (4 ft 10 in) in humans, regardless of gender; the average adult height among people with dwarfism is 122 centimetres (4 ft 0 in), while some are somewhat taller. Dwarfism with disproportionate limbs or a short torso is known as disproportionate dwarfism. Both the limbs and the torso are unusually tiny in proportional dwarfism. Intelligence is normally normal, and most people live to a near-normal age. People with dwarfism can normally have children, though the mother and child may face additional risks depending on the underlying condition. The genetic condition achondroplasia, in which the limbs are tiny, is the most prevalent and recognized form of dwarfism in humans (representing 70% of cases). The majority of other cases are caused by a lack of growth hormone. The treatment will be determined by the underlying reason. Surgery or physical therapy may be used to help people with hereditary diseases. Growth hormone therapy can also be used to treat hormone problems before the child’s growth plates fuse. People with dwarfism frequently utilize customised accommodations, such as unique furniture. Many support organizations are available to assist individuals in dealing with discrimination.
